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Malaria is considered a disease that is dangerous because it can lead to death of the patient. Get to know the causes and symptoms in order to provide further handling.
Cause of Malaria
Malaria is caused by parasites of the species Plasmodium and then transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito. It is the only species of mosquitoes that can transmit malaria. Malaria mosquitoes that bite and draw blood containing parasites, can spread malaria by biting other people who are still healthy shape. There are five species of Plasmodium that can infect humans, P. falciparum is living in tropical and subtropical regions and cause the most severe complications, P. vivax, P. malariae, and P. ovale can be cured in a matter of months, while P. knowlesi may stay in the heart and require further treatment to prevent relapse.
Signs Suffer Malaria
Each parasite incubation period varies. For Plasmodium falciparum need 9-14 days, P. vivax and P. ovale requires 12-18 days for P. malariae approximately 18-40 days, and 11-12 days for P. knowlesi. Early symptoms of malaria disease is irritable and sleepy, decreased appetite, insomnia, chills, then fever that rises gradually over 1-2 days, or up dramatically to 40.6 ° C. When body temperature returns to normal, the patient will suffer from excessive sweating. The same phenomenon will continue to recur at intervals of 2-3 days, depending on the parasite that infects patients.
Prevention of Malaria
Is almost identical to the prevention of dengue fever, malaria transmission in the chain must start from the surrounding environment, start with clean water, close-risk containers made of mosquito breeding, as well as close or replace the water in the container every day, such as vases and water containers for pets. In addition, do preventive action by applying a mosquito repellent cream or sleep under mosquito nets to prevent mosquito bites.
Care and Treatment
Your doctor will do blood tests to detect malaria-specific. If it proves to be positive, patients will be treated with anti-malarial drug chloroquine or quinine, either through oral, injection, or infusion. Through early screening, malaria can be cured until the patient can perform activities as usual.
